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Daily Dawn Newspaper English Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
February 21, 2021

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Harrow (verb) لوٹنا، اذیت ناک، تکلیف دہ

draw a harrow over (land).
Example: “they ploughed and harrowed the heavy clay”
Synonyms: distress, trouble, afflict, grieve, torment, torture, crucify, rack, sear, pain
Antonyms: calm, comfort, heartening

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Beleaguer (verb) تنگ کرنا، چھیڑنا، محاصرہ

cause problems or difficulties for.
Example: “he attempts to answer several questions that beleaguer the industry”
Synonyms: hard-pressed, troubled, in difficulties, under pressure, under stress, with one’s back to the wall
Antonyms: defend, man, snarl, entangle, orient

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Descend (verb) نیچے اترنا، کم ہونا

move or fall downwards.
Example: “the aircraft began to descend”
Synonyms: go down, come down, drop, fall, sink, subside, dive, plummet, plunge
Antonyms: ascend, climb

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Chaos (noun) انتشار، گڑبڑ، افراتفری

complete disorder and confusion.
Example: “snow caused chaos in the region”
Synonyms: disorder, disarray, disorganization, confusion, mayhem, bedlam, pandemonium, madness
Antonyms: order, orderliness

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Raucous (adjective) بھاری آواز، سہمی ہوئی آواز

making or constituting a disturbingly harsh and loud noise.
Example: “raucous youths”
Synonyms: harsh, strident, screeching, squawky, squawking, sharp, grating, discordant, dissonant
Antonyms: soft, dulcet, peaceful, quiet, restrained

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Etiquette (noun) ادب قاعدہ، تعظیم و تکریم، آدب مجلس

the customary code of polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular profession or group.
Example: “the rules of etiquette are changing”
Synonyms: protocol, polite behaviour, good manners, manners, acceptable behaviour, accepted behaviour
Antonyms: boorishness, rudeness, misobservance

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Dilute (verb) ملاوٹ کرنا، پتلا

make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
Example: “bleach can be diluted with cold water”
Synonyms: make weaker, weaken, thin out, thin, make thinner, water down, add water to, mix
Antonyms: concentrate

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Allege (verb) الزام دینا، بغیر ثبوت دعویٰ کرنا،مبینہ

claim or assert that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof.
Example: “he alleged that he had been assaulted”
Synonyms: claim, assert, declare, state, proclaim, maintain, advance, contend, argue
Antonyms: contradict, gainsay, refute, deny

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Indulge (verb) مطمئن کرنا، مزے اڑانا، بخشنا

allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of.
Example: “we indulged in a cream tea”
Synonyms: wallow in, give oneself up to, give way to, yield to, abandon oneself to, give rein to, give free rein to
Antonyms: stifle

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Blatant (adjective) واضح، کھلم کھلا، صریح

(of bad behaviour) done openly and unashamedly.
Example: “blatant lies”
Synonyms: flagrant, glaring, obvious, undisguised, unconcealed, overt, open, transparent, patent
Antonyms: inconspicuous, subtle

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