Irrigation System of Pakistan | CSS Pakistan Affairs Notes

Irrigation System of Pakistan
CSS Pakistan Affairs Notes

1. Wells or Tube-wells: | Irrigation System of Pakistan

It is the oldest method of irrigation in Pakistan. Wells and Tube-wells system is successful where water level is high and where canal system is not common. Animal power and electricity is used for to obtain water from wells and tube-wells. To utilize ground water 0.7 million tube wells have been installed.

2. Canals: | Irrigation System of Pakistan

Canal is an artificial waterway constructed for purposes of irrigation, drainage, or navigation, or in connection with a hydroelectric dam. Canal is the thing which brings river water close to the field where it is required to be.

The irrigation system of Pakistan is one of the best one in the world due to the largest irrigation system in the world. In Pakistan, almost 75% of the land which is in agricultural use is covered by the irrigation system. Currently there are 3 large dams and 85 small dams, along with these dams there are 19 barrages to fulfill the water need. From these dams and barrages 12 inter link canals, 45 canals have been taken to provide water to the fields.

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3. Perennial Canals: | Irrigation System of Pakistan

These canals supply water throughout the year. Perennial canals are the canals that are used to supply water to the field and these are taken either from dams or barrages. Important Perennial Canals of Punjab are Upper Bari Doab, Lower Bari Doab, Sidhnai Canals, Upper and Lower Chenab, Upper Jhelum canals originating from Trimmu Headworks and Canals originating from river Sutlej at Ferozpur, Islam, Suleimanki and Panjnad Headworks.

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4. Non-Perennial Canals: Irrigation System of Pakistan

These canals run during the summer and the rainy season. Sidhnai canals from the Ravi, Haveli canals from the Chenab and some of the Sutlej canals fall in this category.

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5. Inundation Canals (Flood Canals):

These canals run only during the rainy season when water level in river rises. The quantity of water they supply is uncertain. These canals, like other canals, are taken from the rivers but the difference is that they get water when there is a rise in the water level due to flood. Many old canals from the Indus and the Chenab fall in this category.

6. Link Canals: Irrigation System of Pakistan

Link canals are those canals which creates link between one rivers to another river to fulfill the shortage of water. There are a number of link canals constructed under Indus water treaty in Pakistan.

7. Karez: Irrigation System of Pakistan

Karez is also an irrigation system which is adopted only in Baluchistan province. It is an underground-short canal system which is built to carry water at the foothill to the fields. Karez system is very popular in Pishin and Quetta districts.

Important MCQs about Irrigation System of Pakistan

What is the primary source of irrigation in Pakistan?

a) Canals
b) Wells
c) Rivers
d) Dams
Ans: c) Rivers

Which river is the main source of irrigation in Pakistan?

a) Indus
b) Ganges
c) Brahmaputra
d) Yangtze
Ans: a) Indus

How is irrigation water distributed in Pakistan?

a) Flood irrigation
b) Sprinkler irrigation
c) Drip irrigation
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

What is the primary type of irrigation system used in Pakistan?

a) Surface irrigation
b) Subsurface irrigation
c) Sprinkler irrigation
d) Drip irrigation
Ans: a) Surface irrigation

How much of Pakistan’s agricultural land is irrigated?

a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 95%
Ans: d) 95%

What is the main canal system in Pakistan?

a) Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal
b) Indus River System Canal
c) Chashma-Jhelum Link Canal
d) None of the above
Ans: b) Indus River System Canal

What is the main reason for water scarcity in Pakistan?

a) Lack of rainfall
b) Over-extraction of groundwater
c) Inefficient irrigation system
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

Which organization is responsible for managing irrigation in Pakistan?

a) Pakistan Meteorological Department
b) Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority
c) Pakistan Agriculture Research Council
d) Pakistan Irrigation Department
Ans: d) Pakistan Irrigation Department

What is the name of the project that aims to improve irrigation in Pakistan?

a) Green Revolution
b) Water Revolution
c) Indus Basin Improvement Project
d) None of the above
Ans: c) Indus Basin Improvement Project

What is the name of the treaty between India and Pakistan that regulates the use of water from the Indus River?

a) Indus Waters Treaty
b) Indus Basin Treaty
c) Indus River Agreement
d) None of the above
Ans: a) Indus Waters Treaty

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