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Daily Dawn Newspaper English Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
April 15, 2020

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Confined (adjective) قید کرنا، محدود کرنا، پابند کرنا

(of a space) restricted in area or volume; cramped.
Example: “her fear of confined spaces”
Synonyms: cramped, constricted, restricted, limited, confining, small, narrow, compact, tight.
Antonyms: open, roomy.

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Fraught (adjective) معنی خیز، بھرا ہوا، لدا ہوا

(of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable).
Example: “marketing any new product is fraught with danger”.
Synonyms: full of, filled with, swarming with, rife with, thick with, bristling with, charged with, loaded with.
Antonyms: calm.

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Burgeon (verb) بڑھانا، غنچہ، کلی

begin to grow or increase rapidly; flourish.
Example: “manufacturers are keen to cash in on the burgeoning demand”.
Synonyms: grow rapidly, increase rapidly/exponentially, expand, spring up, shoot up, swell, explode.
Antonyms: shrink.

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Optimism (noun) پرامیدی، پر امید شخص، امید پرستانہ

hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something.
Example: “the talks had been amicable and there were grounds for optimism”
Synonyms: hopefulness, hope, confidence, buoyancy, cheer, good cheer, cheerfulness, sanguineness.
Antonyms: pessimism.

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Dilute (verb) کمزور، پتلا کرنا، ملاوٹ کرنا

make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
Example: “bleach can be diluted with cold water”
Synonyms: make weaker, weaken, thin out, thin, make thinner, water down, add water to, mix.
Antonyms: concentrate.

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Excoriate (verb) کھود کر نکالنا، کھدائی کرنا، گڑھا

damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin).
Example: “the discharge is acrid and excoriates the skin of the nose”
Synonyms: abrade, rub away, rub off, rub raw, scrape, scratch, chafe, damage, strip away, peel away.
Antonyms: praise, approve of.

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Grapple (verb) ہاتھا پائی، کلاب، کنڈا

engage in a close fight or struggle without weapons; wrestle.
Example: “passers-by grappled with the man after the knife attack”
Synonyms: wrestle, struggle, tussle, brawl, fight, scuffle, clash, combat, battle.
Antonyms: let go of, release.

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Disarray (noun) ذہنی الجھاﺅ، تذبذب، ابتری

a state of disorganization or untidiness.
Example: “her grey hair was in disarray”.
Synonyms: disorder, confusion, chaos, untidiness, dishevelment, mess, muddle, clutter, jumble.
Antonyms: tidiness, orderliness.

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Deleterious (adjective) مضر، مہلک

causing harm or damage.
Example: “divorce is assumed to have deleterious effects on children”
Synonyms: harmful, damaging, detrimental, injurious, inimical, hurtful, bad, adverse, disadvantageous, unfavourable.
Antonyms: beneficial, advantageous.

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Unforeseen (adjective) غیر متوقع، ناگہانی، اتفاقی

not anticipated or predicted.
Example: “our insurance package enables you to protect yourself and your dependants against unforeseen circumstances”
Synonyms: unpredicted, unexpected, unanticipated, unplanned, accidental, unlooked for, unsought, not bargained for.
Antonyms: expected, predictable.

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