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Importance of English in Civil Service Exams

Importance of English in Civil Service Exams
By: Muhammad Shahram Bhutto

The English Language is a vital tool for communication across the globe. It is not only a means of exchanging thoughts and ideas, but it builds friendships, economic relationships and cultural ties. But the way English language is supplanting over others languages of the world is unprecedented. In the subcontinent, English is widely taught in the entire region as its rising significance in the education system of such countries where English is even important than their own national languages which depicts why the young generation is crazy and feverish to learn English language.

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The future of Israel and Palestine | CSS Essay, International Relations, Current Affairs Notes

CSS Essay | The future of Israel and Palestine | Essay, International Relations, Current Affairs Notes

The future of Israel and Palestine | CSS Essay, International Relations, Current Affairs Notes

By: Dr James J. Zogby

This article (The future of Israel and Palestine) will be helpful for CSS Essay, Current Affairs and International Relations

In the weeks following the signing of agreements between Israel, the UAE and Bahrain, I was struck by some of the commentary by Israeli and Palestinian writers and analysts. While the views expressed by each side were polar opposites and equally hyperbolic, they were both wildly wrong.

For their part, the Israelis were busy trying to convince themselves that this marked the “beginning of the end of the Israeli-Arab conflict” or the start of “a wave of Arab support that will bury the Palestinian issue, once and for all,” thus securing Israel’s role in the Middle East. Meanwhile, Palestinian commentators, using similar exaggerated language, were lamenting ‘the obliteration of the Palestinian issue’ or ‘the burying of Palestine.’

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Kashmir—a nuclear flash point | Essay, Current Affairs Notes

Kashmir—a nuclear flash point | Essay, Current Affairs Notes

Kashmir—a nuclear flash point | Essay, Current Affairs Notes

By: Muhammad Zahid Rifat

This article will be helpful for CSS English Essays, Current Affairs Notes and Pakistan Affairs

Pakistan has quite emphatically reiterated that the government and the people are committed to standing by and supporting their Kashmiri brothers and sisters in their legitimate struggle for self-determination. The brave, courageous, determined and committed Kashmiri people will never submit to Indian forced occupation and oppression; their struggle is indigenous, they are indeed fighting for a just cause and laying down their lives generation after generation for more than seven decades to rid themselves of Indian occupation.

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UN: A silent spectator | International Relations Notes

UN A silent spectator International Relations Notes

By: Iram Farooq Rana

The United Nations (UN), an international body, possesses a distinguished role by formulating a founding charter of human rights. It is dubbed as the champion of “human rights” which seems like a big joke on account of its passive role. Human rights have been mentioned seven times in the United Nations charter as its key purpose and guiding principle. But Alas! it is performing the role of a dumb and blind player in defending and protecting human rights.

The whole world is witnessing the bitter reality of violation of human rights in Syria, Palestine, Iraq, Burma and Kashmir. Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion or any other status.

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Reinventing the Afghan-Pakistan region | CSS Essay Material

Reinventing the Afghan-Pakistan region | CSS Essay Material

Reinventing the Afghan-Pakistan region

By: Imran Malik

The Afghanistan-Pakistan Region (APR), a subset of the South-Central Asian Region (SCAR), is undergoing a colossal paradigm shift. Massive changes are afoot which will redefine the domestic politics of Afghanistan and transform the geopolitical contours of the SCAR-APR. The Afghan endgame is now precipitating significant realignments and repositioning by major powers, at the regional level and beyond.

More specifically, Iran, Afghanistan, CARS and Pakistan, are being interwoven into a very viable contiguous, interconnected and economically interdependent bloc within the ambit of the BRI-CPEC.

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Why Armenia and Azerbaijan could be at the centre of the next global crisis

Why Armenia and Azerbaijan could be at the centre of the next global crisis

Observers have warned that the ongoing violence is the worst since the end of the war in 1994

By: Andrew Korybko

The intense clashes in the South Caucasus between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh threaten to provoke the next global crisis. The contested region is internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan but is populated mostly by Armenian separatists whose titular country fought a bitter war with its neighbour over this territory from 1988-1994. No peace deal was ever agreed to and four UNSC Resolutions have called on Armenia to withdraw its military forces from this Azerbaijani land, which it has failed to do to this day.

Both sides blame one another for this latest round of unrest which has spread all along the Line of Contact (LOC) between their military forces. Armenia says that Azerbaijan launched an unprovoked attack whereas Azerbaijan accuses Armenia of doing exactly just that and therefore describes its own actions as a counteroffensive. Whatever the truth may be, Azerbaijan indisputably has the UN-enshrined right to regain control of its internationally recognised territory, though ideally through peaceful means than forceful ones.

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Why is Pakistan the only country that does not recognise Armenia?

Why is Pakistan the only country that does not recognise Armenia?

Why is Pakistan the only country that does not recognise Armenia?

WRITTEN BY: Andrew Korybko

The frozen Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is one of Eurasia’s geopolitical time bombs just like Kashmir.

Pakistan is the only country in the world that doesn’t recognise the independence of Armenia. The South Caucasus country objectively exists and is a member of the UN, but Islamabad’s stance is a principled one practiced as a form of protest in response to Yerevan’s egregious human rights violations against the Azeris of Azerbaijan’s Nagorno-Karabakh region. There are some very good reasons why Pakistan doesn’t recognise Armenia, and they’ll be touched upon briefly in this piece.

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is at the core of Pakistan’s decision. This war lasted from 1988-1994 and remains frozen to this day. The Armenians of Azerbaijan’s then-Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (region) wanted to unite with their ethnic brethren in nearby Armenia in the twilight days of the USSR. This was a direct consequence of the widespread explosion of pent-up nationalist sentiment in the Soviet Union triggered by Gorbachev’s failed experiment with glasnost (“openness”).

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Changing international cooperation | Essay Material for CSS

Changing international cooperation | Essay Material for CSS

By: Atle Hetland

We live in a time when countries want to be on their own and independent, and at the same time, cooperate with the rest of the world. Formal international cooperation has become less than before, not only because of the ongoing Corona pandemic, but because big countries feel they can do just as well or better on their own, not having to contribute as much to the running of international organisations, such as the United Nations and its many specialised agencies. If they are alone, they can set even more of the trade and other cooperation rules. Military might has become less direct, although it is still there, including that of the rearmament of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) through its 30 member states, where the USA wants to contribute less and the European members and partners more.

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US, China rivalry: Challenges to ASEAN | Essay Material for CSS

US, China rivalry: Challenges to ASEAN | Essay Material for CSS

Polarizing ASEAN would definitely make a way for only one power whether for US or China

By: Hamna Ghias Sheikh

The changing geopolitical and geo-economics sphere of the world has brought forward the two of the most prominent regions typically South Asia and South East Asia. For closer collaboration between the regional countries, various organizations have been formed in this globalized world. Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) is one of the prominent organization which was founded back in 1967 by the countries like Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand.

The main objective of this organization were to enhance the economic, social and cultural development in the region in all the effective ways and means. The promotion of regional peace and stability with the mutual cooperation among all the member states is the main objective of ASEAN.

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How India targets Afghanistan | Essay Materials for CSS

How India targets Afghanistan | Essay Materials for CSS

By: Adeela Naureen and Umar Waqar

As intra-Afghan peace negotiations have moved ahead, spoilers of peace have started their nefarious game to delay or scuttle the process. With regional countries, especially Afghanistan neighbours desiring peace, there is growing support for the process. The only country in the world who wants to derail the peace process is India.

Afghanistan neighbours and the international community have reached a consensus that the peaceful settlement of the Afghan issue is the only solution to get rid of terrorism and instability in the region.

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