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Daily Dawn Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
September 14, 2019

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Contraction (noun) سکڑاﺅ، تنگی

the process of becoming smaller.
Example: “the general contraction of the industry did further damage to morale”
Synonyms: shrinking, reduction in size, shrinkage; decline, decrease, diminution, dwindling
Antonyms: expansion, growth

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Stagnant (adjective) جمود، بے حرکت، مندی

(of a body of water or the atmosphere of a confined space) having no current or flow and often having an unpleasant smell as a consequence.
Example: “a stagnant ditch”
Synonyms: still, motionless, immobile, inert, lifeless, dead, standing, slack, static, stationary
Antonyms: flowing, running, fresh

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Fortunate (adjective) خوش قسمت، کامیاب، بخت آور

favoured by or involving good luck; lucky.
Example: “she’d been fortunate to escape serious injury”
Synonyms: lucky, favoured, blessed, blessed with good luck, in luck, born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth
Antonyms: unfortunate

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Predecessor (noun) پیشرو، سابقہ

a person who held a job or office before the current holder.
Example: “the new President’s foreign policy is very similar to that of his predecessor”
Synonyms: former/previous holder of the post, forerunner, precursor, antecedent
Antonyms: successor

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Betray (verb) دھوکہ دینا، دغا کرنا

expose (one’s country, a group, or a person) to danger by treacherously giving information to an enemy.
Example: “a double agent who betrayed some 400 British and French agents to the Germans”
Synonyms: break one’s promise to, be disloyal to, be unfaithful to, break faith with, play someone false
Antonyms: be loyal to

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Arrogate (verb) تکبر کرنا، ناجائز طور پر کسی چیز پر قبضہ کرنا، غرور

take or claim (something) without justification.
Example: “they arrogate to themselves the ability to divine the nation’s true interests”
Synonyms: assume, take, take on, take over, secure, acquire, seize, expropriate, take possession of
Antonyms: renounce

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Reluctance (noun) ہچکچاہٹ، ناراض مند،اڑیل

unwillingness or disinclination to do something.
Example: “she sensed his reluctance to continue”
Synonyms: unwillingness, disinclination, lack of enthusiasm; hesitation, hesitance, hesitancy
Antonyms: willingness, eagerness

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Arrogance (noun) کبر ، غرور

the quality of being arrogant.
Example: “the arrogance of this man is astounding”
Synonyms: haughtiness, conceit, hubris, self-importance, egotism, sense of superiority
Antonyms: humility, modesty

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Vociferous (adjective) مخیر، اودھم مچانے والا، شور سے بھرپور

expressing or characterized by vehement opinions; loud and forceful.
Example: “he was a vociferous opponent of the takeover”
Synonyms: vehement, outspoken, vocal, forthright, plain-spoken, frank, candid, open, uninhibited
Antonyms: silent, quiet

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Harsh (adjective) سخت، تلخ، ناگوار

unpleasantly rough or jarring to the senses.
Example: “drenched in a harsh white neon light”
Synonyms: grating, jarring, grinding, rasping, raspy, strident, raucous, brassy, jangling, metallic
Antonyms: soft, dulcet, subdued

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