Gauge (verb) ناپ، پیمائش، ماپنے کا آلہ

estimate or determine the amount, level, or volume of.
Example: “astronomers can gauge the star’s intrinsic brightness”
Propensity (noun) جھکاﺅ، میل، تبلیغ

an inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
Example: “his propensity for violence”