Stimulus (noun)
اشتعال، محرک
a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.
Example: “areas of the brain which respond to auditory stimuli”
Adversary (noun)
مخالف، حریف، مدمقابل
one’s opponent in a contest, conflict, or dispute.
Example: “Davis beat his old adversary in the quarter-finals”