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Daily Dawn Newspaper English Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
May 23, 2021

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Abrupt (adjective) غیر متوقع، اچانک

sudden and unexpected.
Example: “I was surprised by the abrupt change of subject”
Synonyms: sudden, immediate, instantaneous, hurried, hasty, quick, swift, rapid, speedy
Antonyms: gradual, unhurried

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Reluctant (adjective) نارضامند، ہچکچاہٹ، اڑیل

unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.

Synonyms: unwilling, disinclined, unenthusiastic, grudging, resistant, resisting, opposed, antipathetic
Antonyms: willing, eager, ready

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Foreboding (noun) اندیشہ، پیشنگوئی، خطرے کی پیش بینی

a feeling that something bad will happen; fearful apprehension.
Example: “with a sense of foreboding she read the note”
Synonyms: apprehension, apprehensiveness, anxiety, perturbation, trepidation, disquiet, disquietude
Antonyms: calm

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Oscillate (verb) ارتعاش، جھولنا، گردش

move or swing back and forth in a regular rhythm.
Example: “the grain pan near the front of the combine oscillates back and forth”
Synonyms: swing, sway, swing from side to side, swing back and forth, swing backwards and forwards
Antonyms: remain, stay, be still, stabilize

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Inadequate (adjective) تھوڑا، ناکافی، کم

lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.
Example: “these labels prove to be wholly inadequate”
Synonyms: insufficient, not enough, deficient, poor, scant, scanty, scarce, sparse, too little
Antonyms: adequate, sufficient, competent

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Hesitancy (noun) ججھک، ہچکچاہٹ

the quality or state of being hesitant.
Example: “Jackson took advantage of some hesitancy in the defence to rifle in a shot”
Synonyms: uncertainty, hesitation, hesitance, unsureness, doubt, doubtfulness, dubiousness
Antonyms: certainty, resolution, willingness

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Indiscriminate (adjective) بے اصول، بلا امتیاز، اندھا دھند

done at random or without careful judgement.
Example: “the indiscriminate use of antibiotics can cause problems”
Synonyms: non-selective, unselective, undiscriminating, uncritical, aimless, hit-or-miss
Antonyms: selective, discriminating, systematic

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Galvanize (verb) متحرک کرنا، جستی

shock or excite (someone) into taking action.
Example: “the urgency of his voice galvanized them into action”
Synonyms: jolt, shock, startle, impel, stir, spur, prod, urge, motivate, stimulate
Antonyms: demotivate

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Contiguous (adjective) ملحق، اہم سرحد، قریب

sharing a common border; touching.
Example: “the Southern Ocean is contiguous with the Atlantic”
Synonyms: adjacent, neighbouring, adjoining, bordering, next-door, abutting, joining, connecting
Antonyms: distant

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Crude (adjective) خام

in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined.
Example: “crude oil”
Synonyms: unrefined, unpurified, unprocessed, untreated, unmilled, unworked, unpolished, coarse
Antonyms: refined

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