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The most practical example is colonial era. The most of Africa was conquered without much of a fight. You can see British in India where most of the states entered subsidiary alliance for help against each other.
The main source by which this is achieved is prestige. How much prestige a nation has easier it is to win. Take German unification, it is the prestige of Prussia which made other nation join her to form German empire. Prestige necessarily doesn’t mean strength. Sometimes past glory developed society will contribute to prestige and victory over stronger nations. Ex-colonial European powers are example.
Another is economic influence, if you have enough economic influence you can win over many nations by exerting economic pressure. Economic sanctions by US and EU. is prime example.
Life on Earth is in decline due to global warming. Despite this realization, the global community has failed to agree and act upon a collective action plan against this grave threat. The dogmatic belief in an economic system centred around the idea of continuous growth and profit, rising populism and weakening international institutions has left the international community thinking about global warming in silos or not thinking about it at all.
Democracy which postulate enlightenment, is, by and large a blessing and illiteracy, which implies ignorance, is a menace.
How can both coexist? Democracy assumes that there is high degree of political consciousness among the public, a fair degree of intelligence and education, and adequate amount of knowledge about public affairs, high regard for national interest and sense of good citizenship.
The contemporary era- that is characterized by an increasingly complex world order- has seen a paradigm shift from holy wars to wars that have geo-economic and geo-political reasons at their core. Even the religious wars have other issues at their heart.
By: Muhammad Nadeem Bhatti
Tax is the cost of living in a civilized society that people have to pay for economic development and planning. It is the realization of money in the country; tax levied by the government on goods, firms, individuals, and societies. The federal tax in Pakistan is like any other tax systems in the world. Direct and indirect taxes are classified into two broad categories. Direct taxes include salaries, interest on securities, income from property, and income from the business whereas indirect taxes include sales taxes. Unfortunately, only 5 per cent of people in Pakistan pay taxes directly. The remaining 95 per cent either do not show their income or avoid paying by forming a close relationship with a tax practitioner and senior officer. Tax collection is a major economic challenge being faced by Pakistan. There are many reasons behind the poor tax system such as; Poor management in tax offices, unprofessional behaviour of tax officials, complex and ambiguous tax laws, lack of public awareness about the tax system, harassment by the tax administration, and above all People’s hesitation when it comes to paying taxes. Lack of confidence in the state’s ability to handle taxpayers honestly and professionally and to spend their money is perhaps the most important reason why Pakistanis refuse to pay taxes. The number of non-taxpayers in Pakistan is also low because inflation is rising rapidly. On the other hand, more than 90 million people belong to the salaried class. Why doesn’t anyone ask the public leaders who give examples of developed countries that the salaries in those countries are so high that even after paying taxes, people living there get better? While here people are hungry for food. That is why a non-filer is not at all ready to become a filer. There are only 3 million filers in the country.
By: Atle Hetland
We live in a time when countries want to be on their own and independent, and at the same time, cooperate with the rest of the world. Formal international cooperation has become less than before, not only because of the ongoing Corona pandemic, but because big countries feel they can do just as well or better on their own, not having to contribute as much to the running of international organisations, such as the United Nations and its many specialised agencies. If they are alone, they can set even more of the trade and other cooperation rules. Military might has become less direct, although it is still there, including that of the rearmament of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) through its 30 member states, where the USA wants to contribute less and the European members and partners more.
By: Adeela Naureen and Umar Waqar
As intra-Afghan peace negotiations have moved ahead, spoilers of peace have started their nefarious game to delay or scuttle the process. With regional countries, especially Afghanistan neighbours desiring peace, there is growing support for the process. The only country in the world who wants to derail the peace process is India.
Afghanistan neighbours and the international community have reached a consensus that the peaceful settlement of the Afghan issue is the only solution to get rid of terrorism and instability in the region.
Karachi, our metropolitan city drowned in rain and our efforts to rebuild it are marred in politics. The popular debate these days is:
“Who will contribute how much and who will take the credit for its rebuilding?”
Drowning in rain was unfortunate for Karachi but getting drowned now in politics that fails to deliver is worse. All this forces me to ask this question—what is our sense of the future?
Why can’t this nation and its politics do away with mediocre, self-serving sub-nationalists who cannot see beyond their noses?
The world is moving in the fast lane, identifying and adapting new technological, demographical, geopolitical, cultural, and military and academic tendencies and we are still debating how to clean our cities, lift our garbage and unclog our sewerage system. For how long will the people’s will and their right to happiness be constrained? Do we need and deserve such politics that applies such constraints? This killer of public expectations; all politics has done in this country is procrastinate public goodness and wellbeing.
By Sher Bano
Ever since Pakistan became a nuclear weapon state, Pakistan’s nuclear diplomacy has been in practice on the principles of restraint and responsibility.
Pakistan was even reluctant to enter the club of nuclear weapon states but soon after India had conducted its first nuclear test in the year 1974, going nuclear became Pakistan’s strategic compulsion. India’s series of nuclear tests in 1998 had compelled Pakistan to demonstrate its nuclear weapon capability accordingly to restore the strategic balance in South Asia. The development of Pakistan’s nuclear weapon capability primarily serves the purpose of a credible and reliable defence against the existential threat from India and to maintain peace and stability in the region.