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Daily Dawn Newspaper English Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
April 12, 2020

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Adequate (adjective) معقول، پورے طور پر، کافی، مناسب

satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity.
Example: “this office is perfectly adequate for my needs”
Synonyms: sufficient, enough, ample, requisite, apposite, appropriate, suitable, acceptable, passable.
Antonyms: insufficient, inadequate, unequal to.

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Integral (adjective) بنیادی طور پر، کامل، پیدائشی، تمام

necessary to make a whole complete; essential or fundamental.
Example: “games are an integral part of the school’s curriculum”.
Synonyms: essential, fundamental, basic, intrinsic, inherent, constitutive, innate, structural, vital.
Antonyms: incidental, peripheral.

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Mushroom (verb) تیزی سے بڑھنا، کھمبی

increase, spread, or develop rapidly.
Example: “environmental concern mushroomed in the 1960s”.
Synonyms: proliferate, grow/develop rapidly, burgeon, spread, increase, expand, spring up.
Antonyms: contract, fail

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Mitigate (verb) تخفیف کرنا، اصل سے کم کا اندازا لگانا

make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful.
Example: “drainage schemes have helped to mitigate this problem”
Synonyms: alleviate, reduce, diminish, lessen, weaken, lighten, attenuate, take the edge off, allay.
Antonyms: aggravate, increase, intensify.

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Proliferate (verb) پھولنا، بڑھنا، اگانا، پیدا کرنا

increase rapidly in number; multiply.
Example: “the science fiction magazines which proliferated in the 1920s”
Synonyms: increase rapidly, grow rapidly, multiply, become more numerous, mushroom, snowball.
Antonyms: decrease, dwindle.

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Peril (noun) خطرہ، ڈر

serious and immediate danger.
Example: “you could well place us both in peril”.
Synonyms: danger, jeopardy, risk, riskiness, hazard, insecurity, uncertainty, menace.
Antonyms: safety, security.

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Jurisdiction (noun) دائرہ کار، اختیار، قانون نافذکرنے کا حق

the official power to make legal decisions and judgements.
Example: “the English court had no jurisdiction over the defendants”.
Synonyms: authority, control, power, dominion, rule, administration, command, sway.
Antonyms: freedom, independence, immunity, exemption.

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Predicament (noun) خطرناک صورتحال، بری حالت

a difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation.
Example: “the club’s financial predicament”.
Synonyms: difficult situation, awkward situation, mess, difficulty, problematic situation, issue, plight.
Antonyms: kettle of fish

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Bootleg (adjective) کالا دھندہ، ممنوعہ تجارت

(of alcoholic drink or a recording) made, distributed, or sold illegally.
Example:  “bootleg cassettes”.
Synonyms: illegal, illicit, unlawful, unauthorized, unsanctioned, unlicensed, unofficial, pirated, bootlegged.
Antonyms: legal, permitted.

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Precaution (noun) پیش بندی، پہلے سے احتیاط، خبر گیری

a measure taken in advance to prevent something dangerous, unpleasant, or inconvenient from happening.
Example: “he had taken the precaution of seeking legal advice”.
Synonyms: safeguard, safety measure, insurance, defence, provision, backstop.
Antonyms: carelessness, thoughtlessness, improvidence.

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