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Daily Dawn Newspaper English Vocabulary with Urdu Meaning
March 27, 2020

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Clergy (noun) اہل کلیسا، پادری

the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church.
Example: “all marriages were to be solemnized by the clergy”
Synonyms: clergymen, clergywomen, churchmen, churchwomen, clerics, priests, ecclesiastics, men/women of God
Antonyms: laity

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Exacerbate (verb) بڑھ جانا، بگاڑنا، شدید ترکرنا

make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.
Example: “the exorbitant cost of land in urban areas only exacerbated the problem”
Synonyms: aggravate, make worse, worsen, inflame, compound, intensify, increase, heighten, magnify
Antonyms: calm, reduce

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Squalid (adjective) گھٹیا، بدعنوان، پست، غلیظ

(of a place) extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect.
Example: “the squalid, overcrowded prison”
Synonyms: dirty, filthy, grubby, grimy, mucky, slummy, slumlike, foul, vile, low, poor, sorry
Antonyms: clean, pleasant

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Inadequate (adjective) ناکافی، کوتاہی،تھوڑا

lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.
Example: “these labels prove to be wholly inadequate”
Synonyms: insufficient, not enough, deficient, poor, scant, scanty, scarce, sparse, too little, too few
Antonyms: adequate, sufficient, competent,

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Despicable (adjective) حقیر، قابل حقارت، مایوسی، کمینہ

deserving hatred and contempt.
Example: “a despicable crime”
Synonyms: contemptible, loathsome, hateful, detestable, reprehensible, abhorrent, abominable
Antonyms: admirable, noble

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Ulterior (adjective) درپردہ، خفیہ مقاصد

existing beyond what is obvious or admitted; intentionally hidden.
Example: “could there be an ulterior motive behind his request?”
Synonyms: secondary, underlying, undisclosed, undivulged, unexpressed, unapparent, under wraps
Antonyms: primary, overt

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Deprived (adjective) محروم کرنا، معزول، برطرفی

suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.
Example: “the charity cares for destitute and deprived children”
Synonyms: disadvantaged, underprivileged, poverty-stricken, impoverished, poor, destitute, needy
Antonyms: fortunate, wealthy

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Incarceration (noun) قید، اسیری، حبس

the state of being confined in prison; imprisonment.
Example: “the public would not be served by her incarceration”
Synonyms: imprisonment, internment, confinement, detention, custody, captivity, restraint, penal servitude,
Antonyms: freedom

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Countenance (noun) حلیہ، تائید، روپ، چہرہ

a person’s face or facial expression.
Example: “his impenetrable eyes and inscrutable countenance give little away”
Synonyms: face, features, physiognomy, profile, facial expression, expression, look, appearance
Antonyms: oppose, confront, discourage, discountenance

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Hitherto (adverb) اب تک، اس جگہ تک، ہنوز

until now or until the point in time under discussion.
Example: “hitherto part of French West Africa, Benin achieved independence in 1960”
Synonyms: previously, formerly, earlier, so far, thus far, before, beforehand, to date, as yet
Antonyms: afterward. (or afterwards), later, subsequently

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