It is the oldest method of irrigation in Pakistan. Wells and Tube-wells system is successful where water level is high and where canal system is not common. Animal power and electricity is used for to obtain water from wells and tube-wells. To utilize ground water 0.7 million tube wells have been installed.
Electricity is one of major source of power in Pakistan due to improper use of coal and oil resources.
Nature has provided suitable environment in Pakistan. To produce hydroelectricity environment is better for it. The northern and north western area of Pakistan is suitable for building of dams. We can produce hydroelectricity to create steep slopes in rivers and canals. Its best example is the Ghazi Barotha project in river Indus. Both public and private sectors have planned to increase the production of hydroelectricity in Pakistan. Pakistan’s total hydroelectricity production is 4963 Megawatt. Pakistan has the capacity of production of 30000 MW from its river Indus, Jhelum and Chenab.
There are three hydroelectricity stations working in Pakistan:
Resources like mineral, power, water and forest have a huge influence on the economic and social development of a country. Availability of natural resources is the necessary but not a sufficient condition of economic and social development. If a country is rich in resources and these resources are optimally used then there is more possibilities of economic and social development. Accordingly, there is positive relationship between natural resources and economic and social development.
The Islamic Republic of Pakistan covers nearly 804,000 square kilometres of the former Indus Valley. Today, it shares borders with Iran and Afghanistan on the west, China on the north, the Arabian Sea on the south, and India on the east. While Pakistan is ethnically diverse, it is overwhelmingly Muslim, which has led to tensions with India over the former British-Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the northeast boarder. Additionally, hyper urbanization has led to class tension. Out of 187 million citizens, 36 percent live in cities, with approximately 830,000 people in the capital city of Islamabad. The largest city, Karachi, contains 13 million people.
Prior to its independence from Britain in 1947, Pakistan was originally governed under the Government of India Act of 1935. This act, drafted by the colonial master Britain, functioned as Pakistan’s constitution at the time and provided for a strong central government, a governor-general with unreviewable powers, and very limited representation which continued feudal-like politics. Following independence, a constituent assembly was elected and tasked with drafting a new Constitution. On 23 March 1956, after a difficult drafting process that included a replacement of the assembly by the governor-general, a new constitution was adopted. It abolished the office of the governor-general and replaced it with a president and prime minister who would share the executive functions. In addition, it created a unicameral legislature with equal seats for the East and West Pakistan, but it maintained the central power of the government by ensuring that the President remained powerful and the provinces never had more power than the national government.