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Pakistan Affairs Notes

The 1962 Constitution | Pakistan Affairs Notes for CSS-PMS

1962 Constitution | Pakistan Affairs Notes for CSS-PMS

The 1962 Constitution | Pakistan Affairs Notes for CSS-PMS

1: Background

Military took over on 7 October 1958 and consequently Ayub Khan became Chief Martial Law Administrator. One major task was to frame a new Constitution. The administration was critical of Parliamentary system because it caused instability in the past. They sought stability of the nation in the gradual development of democracy.

2: 1962 Constitution Making

The government introduced Basic Democracies in October 1959. Under this system Forty Thousand basic democrats (local councilors) were to be elected in each province. They have to perform functions as local government and their role in developmental work. They also acted as an electoral college for the election of president and the national assembly.

Elections for the Basic Democracies (BD) were held in December 1959 and January 1960. Then Presidential referendum was held by the elected BD members on February 17, 1960. A Constitutional Commission was established in February 1960 under the chairmanship of Justice Shahabuddin, former Chief Justice. The tasks assigned to the Commission were:

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Gender Studies

Gender Studies | Problematizing the Category of “Sex” Queer Theory

Problematizing the Category of “Sex” Queer Theory | CSS Gender Studies Notes

Problematizing the Category of “Sex” Queer Theory | CSS Gender Studies Notes

Queer Theory

One is not born a woman, but rather becomes one.
—Simone de Beauvoir

The origin of uncomfortable conversations draw attention of individuals towards the real myth behind the Queer theory that has been a glaring topic in the community since its inception. The conceptual framework is not only stuck with the issues as per the required plan of action in the way. The anthology that focuses on the various debates are the best by product with other concepts as society needs. Many debates and topics has been introduced in the manner that exactly required to initiate the way in respective manner.

The important issues that has been a debate regarding the elements as the intimacy, privacy and even as the sex harassment that has been a normal topic to discuss with all formalities. The concept initialization regarding the sex and even the other elements in the gender studies are not the product of abrupt decision in gender studies. Oppositely, it has been an issue since the inception of gender and conception of gender linkage with the society. There are possible four major institutions in the society and these institutions always handles the matter of gender that has been using as the Queer theory with the same pace as the gender understand.

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English (Precis and Composition) English Grammar

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-M/N”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-M/N”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-M/N”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

Maiden speech
(One’s first speech) – Mehreen’s maiden speech was a complete failure. She cut a sorry figure by forgetting her points.

Make a bolt for it
(Run away suddenly) – The prisoners made a bolt for it when the guard wasn’t looking.

Make a clean breast of
(To make full confession) – The judge will give the convict a lighter sentence if he makes a clean breast of his involvement. (ii) She resolved to make a clean breast of it before she died.

Make a clean sweep
(To get rid of everything unnecessary or unwanted) – The new manager made a clean sweep of all the lazy people in the department.

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CSS Times Magazine Magazines

HSM CSS Times (December 2019) E-Magazine | Download in PDF Free

HSM CSS Times (December 2019) E-Magazine | Download in PDF Free

Warm wishes for all our readers of HSM CSS Times. We are proudly presenting You with a new Monthly e-Magazine named HSM CSS Times Magazine.

This magazine is being made available to aspirants of all forms of competitive examinations. The content developed is wholly in an exam-oriented fashion – Keeping ‘You’ Ahead of ‘Them’. 

Download CSS Times Magazine

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English (Precis and Composition) English Grammar

Solved Précis (CSS English Précis & Composition Paper 2015)

Solved Précis (CSS English Précis & Composition Paper 2015)

Federal Public Service Commission
Competitive Examination for Recruitment to Posts
In BS-17, Under the Federal Government, 2015

English Précis & Composition

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Pakistan Affairs Notes

The 1956 Constitution | Pakistan Affairs Notes for CSS-PMS

The 1956 Constitution

The 1956 Constitution | Pakistan Affairs Notes for CSS-PMS

The Constitution of 1956 was passed after long deliberations. It replaced the Interim Constitution. It has 234 Articles and 6 Schedules. It declared that the name of the country would be the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

There was clear impact of the Government of India Act, 1935 and the Interim Constitution.

Features

1: Parliamentary System

Executive Authority vested in the President who exercised it on the advice of the Prime Minister except in the matters he had discretion.

President had ceremonial functions and exercised limited powers.

The President would be of 45 years of age, Muslim and qualified to be a member of National Assembly.

He was to be elected by National Assembly (NA) and Provincial Assemblies.

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English (Precis and Composition) English Grammar

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-K/L”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-K/L”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

English Grammar: Idioms And Phrases (“Set-K/L”) | for CSS, PMS, PCS, NTS

Keep a secret:
(Not tell anyone else) – I don’t think very high of him, but please keep it a secret.

Keep hold of:
(not let go) – You should have kept hold of the horse’s reins.

Keep one’s word:
(Abide by promises one has made; carry out undertakings or obligation into which one has entered) – You may depend upon his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his word.

Kick up (a row, a fuss etc.):
(Make a noise, a row, a fuss etc.) – A crowd of youths outside the door were kicking up such a noise that we could scarcely hear ourselves speak.

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Pakistan Affairs Pakistan Affairs Notes

Counter Terrorism Policy of Pakistan | (Current Affairs Paper, CSS 2015)

Counter Terrorism Policy of Pakistan | (Current Affairs Paper, CSS 2015)

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS
IN BS-17, UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2015
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, PAPER-II (CURRENT AFFAIRS)

Q.8. Critically evaluate the counter terrorism policy of Pakistan and suggest measures to eradicate this evil.

Introduction

The security operation restored the confidence of the global community in the capacity of the Pakistan military to deal effectively with terrorism. This was the main reason that the army chief received extraordinary attention during his visits to the US, the UK and China. This also contributed to changing the security-related interaction between Pakistan’s security establishment and the new Afghan government led by President Ashraf Ghani. These two countries are now involved in a more active cooperative interaction for dealing with security matters, especially counter terrorism.

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CSS Notes Gender Studies

The Development of Social Construction of Gender | CSS Gender Studies Notes

Understanding the Social Construction of Gender

Differences in socialization of males and females offer insight into the factors fostering differences in behavior between the genders and across cultures within the same gender. There is a deeply rooted social belief in U.S. society that there are certain roles, attitudes, behaviors and traits that are distinctly associated with gender or biology. While male and female are terms that describe a person’s biological sex, masculine and feminine notions are socially constructed “genders” in which ascribed traits like sex and achieved characteristics such as femininity and masculinity are highly variable from one culture to another. In Mexican culture, women are socialized to be much more submissive to men than American women. As Kulis et al. report on the results from a study of Mexican women living in the American Southwest, “Less acculturated Mexican American girls reported both the lowest masculinity scores and the highest submissive femininity scores.”

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General Science & Ability Notes

What are Landslide and What Causes | General Science & Ability Notes

What are Landslide and What Causes | General Science & Ability Notes

What Are Landslides?

A landslide is a downward movement of rock and soil debris that has become detached from the underlying slope. The material can move by falling, toppling, sliding, spreading and flowing.

What Causes Landslides?

There are many possible causes of landslides these can either be geological, morphological or human-induced. A few of these include saturation of slope material (rainfall), seismic activity (earthquakes and volcanoes), undercutting of cliffs and banks by waves and rivers, removal of vegetation, and modification of slopes.

When the stability of a slope decreases or changes, even just slightly, it can make the slope unstable. This means that with a large or even a small change, can cause a landslide. However, there are many things that contribute to a landslides including;

  • Erosion – if this occurs, even just slightly, can make some of the slope to fall in to oceans or rivers.
  • Glaciers can also have a landslide – there is not much of a different from a cliff top. Instead, the ice melts or is subject to heavy rain and causes a slight shift from a glacier.
  • Earthquakes – this brings about a sharp change in the slope and makes it unstable.
  • Groundwater can destabilize the slope putting pressure on it greatly.
  • Volcanoes erupting – this can cause the slope to become unstable.
  • Soil structure can change.
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