Category: CSS Subjects

CSS Essay Poverty Alleviation | Complete Solved Essay (CSS Exams Solved Past Paperes)

Post author By CSS Times
Post date January 24, 2019
3 Comments on CSS Essay Poverty Alleviation | Complete Solved Essay (CSS Exams Solved Past Paperes)

CSS Essay Strategies for the alleviation of property

Q.1 Strategies for the alleviation of poverty (CSS 2005)

Solved CSS Essay: Poverty Alleviation

“Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere”. It is a scrooge and one of the worst curses and miseries that a human can face. According to Homer. “This, this is misery! The last, the worst, that man can feel”.

Poverty can be measured either in absolute terms, for example, the number of those who cannot afford more than two pairs of shoes, or in relative terms, for example, the number of the poorest ten percent of house-holds. In either sense it is a concept, which is defined arbitrarily. Poverty exists not only because incomes are low, but also because the needs of certain low income households are high.

Poverty has many dimensions, which include economic, political, social, environmental and human dimensions. In economic terms a county, a region or a household is poor when the per capita income of a country or the income of a household is very low. Similarly the purchasing power of a poor country or household is below a certain minimum standard; there are low medical care and health facilities, productivity is very low and there is illiteracy.

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Essays Outlines Pakistan Affairs

Political Instability in Pakistan | Essay for CSS Exams

Post author By Shahzad F. Malik
Post date January 23, 2019
No Comments on Political Instability in Pakistan | Essay for CSS Exams

Abstract

This research was performed to investigate the role of political parties in Pakistan over the last two decades. This paper also attempts to discuss how parties and their actions affect the democratic culture in the state. I have investigated the roles of the political parties in Pakistan by examining their different functions, which include the responsibility to represent the civil society, to integrate the diverse elements of the society into a political system, and to respond to the demands and needs of the public. The internal politics of political parties in Pakistan and their criteria for recruitment and training leadership are discussed, as well as their effects on the political system of Pakistan.

The data were collected by researching secondary sources that discussed and evaluated the functions of political parties in Pakistan. A content analysis method was used to analyze the data and characterize the contributions of political parties to the political culture of Pakistan and their effects on the democratic system of Pakistan.

In this thesis, I have investigated the roles and mechanism of political parties in Pakistan based on an exploration of the roles of several prominent political parties, including the Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz group) (PML (N)), the Pakistan People Party (PPP), the Awami National Party (ANP), and the Mutahida Quami Movement (MQM). During the past two decades, the PPP and PML (N) parties have remained prominent through the formation of alliances with other parties. This research discusses the roles of these parties in representation, integration, aggregation, recruiting, and training leadership during times in which these parties have held both power in government and represented the opposition.

Tags CSS Essay on Pakistani Politics, Essay for CSS, Political Instability in Pakistan

Essays Outlines

Essay Outline: Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

Post author By CSS Times
Post date January 22, 2019
2 Comments on Essay Outline: Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

Essay Outline: Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

By: KIPS CSS Network

1. Introduction
Space; from pristine place of peace to an undeniably contested arena

2. Militarization of space in retrospect

3. Space; an ultimate strategic high ground
i) Major players in militarization of space
ii) U.S space endeavors ; an effort at protecting its hegemony in new arena of warfare
ii) China’s space ambitions; the rising dragon
iv) Russia’s growing space capabilities

4. Conceivable impacts of militarization of space on current warfare Strategic impacts
i) Space-based capabilities like GPS, communications and reconnaissance satellites are inevitable for militaries of 21st century.
ii) Balance of power dragged to the fourth arena of warfare
iii) New strengths; new vulnerabilities
iv) Space weapons and missile defense system technologies
v) Dual use of satellites; a peaceful purpose and potential military application
Political impacts
i) A conflict started in space could easily translate into a full blown war on Earth
ii) It would increase expenses based on threat perception rather than concrete intimidation.
iii) Politicians would have to convince the taxpayers to spend a huge amount of money on weaponization of space with little short term goals.
Economic impacts
i) It will cajole major powers to spend more on space programs
ii) Already amplified military expenses would further soar

5. Space for useful purposes; global endorsements and a shared dream
i) Existing and proposed legal instruments
ii) Need for global consensus to lay down rules for un-ruled space
iii) Bridging the trust deficit among adversaries
iv) Improved and effective role of United Nations to ensure a peaceful space

6. Conclusion

7. How to deal with these impacts for promising future prospects.

Complete Essay : Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

World powers, over the decades, have been pursuing dominance in the outer space on pretext of peaceful purposes and for larger good of humanity. Ostensibly, these space programs are projected to reap benefits of weather monitoring, help in research and rescue, for detection of natural disasters, for advancement in science and technology and to deal with space debris. However, this is an open secret that world powers are seeking more military prowess in this erstwhile peaceful arena, this increased militarization of space has brought the modern age warfare to the ultimate high ground and it has profound impacts on economic, strategic and political arenas of modern warfare and is undoubtedly a potential existential threat. Space -a no man’s land- is no more a neutral playground, super power i.e. United States has successfully extended its hegemony and established its dominance in ultimate strategic high ground of space. Other major powers including Russia and China are contesting for their share of power in the space too.

Read Complete Essay Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

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English Essay

Essay on Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

Post author By KIPS CSS Network
Post date January 22, 2019
1 Comment on Essay on Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare

CSS Essay on
Militarization of Space and its Impacts on Current Global Warfare
by: KIPS CSS Network

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World powers, over the decades, have been pursuing dominance in the outer space on pretext of peaceful purposes and for larger good of humanity. Ostensibly, these space programs are projected to reap benefits of weather monitoring, help in research and rescue, for detection of natural disasters, for advancement in science and technology and to deal with space debris. However, this is an open secret that world powers are seeking more military prowess in this erstwhile peaceful arena, this increased militarization of space has brought the modern age warfare to the ultimate high ground and it has profound impacts on economic, strategic and political arenas of modern warfare and is undoubtedly a potential existential threat. Space -a no man’s land- is no more a neutral playground, super power i.e. United States has successfully extended its hegemony and established its dominance in ultimate strategic high ground of space. Other major powers including Russia and China are contesting for their share of power in the space too.

Tags CSS ESSAY ON MILITARIZATION, CSS Essay on Space, CURRENT GLOBAL WARFARE, KIPS CSS NETWORK, MILITARIZATION OF SPACE

CSS Tips English (Precis and Composition)

12 Golden Rules for Precis Writing in Competitive Exams

Post author By Shahzad F. Malik
Post date January 21, 2019
No Comments on 12 Golden Rules for Precis Writing in Competitive Exams

Precis Writing Rule 1

Read the given passage carefully at least three times in order to be able to grasp what the writer has said or grasp the main idea.

Precis Writing Rule 2

Underline the important points to be included in your précis. A point is important if it is intimately connected with the main subject and if it is essential for a clear exposition of the theme.

Precis Writing Rule 3

Use your own language in the précis. While words and phrases from the original may be used in the précis, whole sentences should never be left out of the original to be included in it.

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CSS Tips English Essay

How to Prepare English Essay for CSS / PMS? By: Iqra Shaukat (46th CTP)

Post author By Iqra Shaukat
Post date January 19, 2019
2 Comments on How to Prepare English Essay for CSS / PMS? By: Iqra Shaukat (46th CTP)

Essay means ‘attempt’ to translate your ideas into words. There is a myth before writing actual essay we must be well versed in the hard-core knowledge of contemporary topics, but the reality is; it is skill which can be learned from practice only. Now the BIG QUESTION is how to practice it, especially in case of non-availability of evaluator, for this I recommend better to start from scratch through the 3-body essay, i.e. introduction, body and conclusion. You can find this sort of short essay on daily basis from daily diaries (DAWN, EXPRESS TRIBUNE or THE NEWS INTERNATIONAL) in form of editorials and opinions. The only way to learn it at your own is to paraphrase it on daily basis. I guarantee this will serve the purpose well. Through this regular exercise your expression will improve, you will learn new vocabulary words and the usage of words both in connotative and denotative. You must consult one basic English grammar book (I consulted ‘To the point English by Mian Aftab’ in the beginning later on I consulted ‘Exploring the world of English by Sadaat ), while practicing you must know the basic rules of grammar. The bottom line is; one paragraph on daily basis – the mixture of theory and practice- can be handy to horn your English writing skill.

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CSS Notes CSS Optional subjects

Gender Studies Solved MCQs for CSS Exams (Set -1) | Download PDF

Post author By Shahzad F. Malik
Post date January 18, 2019
3 Comments on Gender Studies Solved MCQs for CSS Exams (Set -1) | Download PDF

Gender Studies Solved MCQs for CSS Exams (Set -1)

1) Mark the correct answer about Gender’s Studies from the following:
(a) It is a Social Science.
(b) It is an academic discipline.
(c) It is narratives of women by women.
(d) Both a and b
Answer: (d)

2) Gender as an area of research, teaching and action has emerged only after:
(a) 1860
(b) 1910
(c) 1947
(d) 1975
Answer: (d)

3) Gender as an area of research, teaching and action has emerged only after:
(a) 1860
(b) 1910
(c) 1947
(d) 1975
Answer: (d)

4) Which is not related to Women’s Studies?
(a) Gender equity
(b) Consciousness rising
(c) Interdisciplinary study of women
(d) Subjugation of men
Answer: (d)

5) Women’s studies became an academic discipline during
(a) First wave feminism
(b) Second wave feminism
(c) Third wave feminism
(d) Fourth wave feminism
Answer: (b)

6) In Pakistan, the first Psychology department to offer a course of Gender Studies in their programs was
(a) LUMS
(b) Beacon house National University
(c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah University
(d) Shaheed Benazir Bhutto City University
Answer (b)

7) Among the following statements which is not an objective of Gender Sensitization Programme:
(a) Promoting societal awareness to gender issues
(b) Review of curriculum and educational materials to remove gender bias
(c) Removal of all derogatory, references to the dignity of women
(d) Removal of caste hierarchy from the society
Answer: (d)

8) Which of the following statements is correct about Women’s Studies as an academic discipline?
(a) It studies the social reality from feminist perspective, placing women’s experiences at the centre.
(b) It accepts the existing theories for analysis.
(c) It covers all studies conducted on women’s issues and their solutions.
(d) It applies existing social science research methodology for further research.
Answer (a)

Social Construction of Gender MCQs for CSS

9) Which of the following is incorrect about “Queer Studies?”
(a) Studies of non-normative and homosexuality.
(b) It is new term for gays and lesbians.
(c) These are post-modern studies.
(d) These are studies with gender perspective.
Answer: (d)

10) Which is incorrect statement regarding ‘Masculinities’ and ‘Femininities’
(a) Based on Biological determinism.
(b) Changing across time and space.
(c) Socially constructed.
(d) Gendered rather than non-gendered.
Answer: (a)

11) Masculinity is not synonymous with
(a) Strength
(b) Power
(c) Aggression
(d) Emotions
Answer: (d)

12) Androgynous persons show ________ traits.
(a) Positive masculine and feminine
(b) Negative masculine
(c) Positive feminine
(d) Positive masculine
Answer: (a)

13) Feminist Research aims to
(a) Research on women, by men and for women.
(b) Research for women, by women and on women.
(c) Research on women, about women, and of women.
(d) Research of women by women and for women.
Answer: (c)

14) Which is incorrect statement regarding ‘Masculinities’ and ‘Femininities’
(a) Based on Biological determinism.
(b) Changing across time and space.
(c) Socially constructed
(d) Gendered rather than non-gender
Answer (a)

15) Who have coined the terminology ‘Interactive Methodology’ for feminist research?
(a) Joan Huber and Killy
(b) Nancy Kleiber and Linda Light
(c) David Morgan and Keohane
(d) Bernard Helen Roberts
Answer (b)

16) Transformation of grass root women into mere beneficiaries to active participants is coined as:
(a) Socialism
(b) Feminism
(c) Clientelism
(d) Dualism
Answer: (b)

17) Feminist Research is:
(a) Interdisciplinary
(b) Multidisciplinary
(c) Cross-disciplinary
d) All the above
Answer: (d)

18) Among the following persons identify the male feminist:
(a) Harriet Taylor
(b) Betty Friedan
(c) Iris Young
(d) J.S. Mill
Answer: (d)

19) Feminist Research aims at:
(a) Addressing women’s issues with women’s perspective
(b) Promotion of women research scholars
(c) To study women as an object
(d) Study of women’s education
Answer: (a)

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CSS Notes International Relations International Relations MCQs MCQs

CSS International Relations MCQs with Explanation (Set-I)

Post author By Shahzad F. Malik
Post date January 17, 2019
4 Comments on CSS International Relations MCQs with Explanation (Set-I)

International Relations MCQs with Explanation (Set-I) for CSS Exams

1) International relations is a __
(a) Pluralistic
(b) Antagonistic
(c) Esoteric
(d) Stoic
(e) None of the above
Answer: (a)
Explanation: “Pluralists argue that international activity is not just a matter of the behaviour of states but of other actors too. Further, but logically separate, they argue that states are not quite as security and power conscious as the realists make out. For example, economic issues are issues in their own right”
Michael Nicholson ‚”Theories of International Relations.‛ International Relations: A Concise Introduction “(p. 99)

2) Important Subject of International Relations is…………………….
(a) Protection of Human rights
(b) Study of sovereignty
(c) Study of world Govt.
(d) International Co operation
Answer: (d)

3) International society is regulated by:
(a) A benign form of cosmopolitan democracy
(b) Imperial expansion
(c) Diplomacy, law, and the balance of power
(d) None of these
Answer: (c)

4) About which of the following thinkers it has been said that his theory of the State is “an incongruous mixture of natural rights and physiological metaphor”?
(a) Bradley
(b) Spencer
(c) Johann Caspar Bluntschli
(d) Burke
Answer. (b)

Check Also: CSS International Relations MCQs

5) In international Relations, a global system containing two dominant powers is labeled with which of the terms?
(a) Bipolar
(b) Nationalist
(c) Isolationist
(d) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Bipolarity can be defined as a system of world order in which the majority of global economic, military and cultural influence is held between two states. The classic case of a bipolar world is that of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, which dominated the second half of the twentieth century.

Tags International Relations, International Relations Solved MCQs, International society, physiological metaphor

CSS Notes CSS Study Material International Relations

The Cold War and Its Impacts – Introducing the Cold War Phenomenon (Part II)

Post author By Shahzad F. Malik
Post date January 16, 2019
1 Comment on The Cold War and Its Impacts – Introducing the Cold War Phenomenon (Part II)

NON-ALIGNMENT MOVEMENT (CONTINUED)

NAM’s Role in International Relations

NAM played a limited role in supporting the OPEC price rise, in the formation of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the formation of the Group of 77 and articulating the New International Economic Order.

NAM has grown in size and can potentially be very influential but it has been unable to fulfill its lofty objectives and thus stands discredited. Most of the member states, which are a part of it, do not use the NAW platform to resolve disputes nor do they contribute much effort to making it more effective.

Yet the need for peaceful coexistence and better North-South relations makes the need for NAM even more urgent with
its visionary blend of idealism and realism.

Criticism of NAM

NAM has failed to help promote peace and many of its members have been involved in bloody internal and external violence (for example the civil war in Cambodia, or the war between Iran and Iraq).

NAM has also been unable to bear on lingering disputes like the ME conflict and the problems in Kashmir causing tensions between Pakistan and India and in the Cyprus which is resulting in tensions between Turkey and Greece.

There is a dichotomy between what NAM leaders preach and practice; often they have adopted stances in the UN at variance with consensus developed in NAM.

Tags Cold War in Europe, End of the Cold War, Expansion of the Cold War Arena, Marshal Plan, NAM and Pakistan, NAM’s Role in International Relations, Resurgence of tensions, The Capitalist Ideology, The Cold War and Its Impacts, The World after the Cold War, Truman Doctrine

Current Affairs

CSS Guess Paper

Question # 1:

Why CPEC is illogically regarded as another East India Company in the nuclear age? Give solid reason why it will not be another East India Company?

Question # 2:

What is 5G Technology? What are advantages and disadvantages? Why America put the CFO of Huawei behind the bars and by Canada? Jot down the reservations of America in confrontations with Iran and China considering the significance of 5G technological warfare in near future.

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