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The Solar System | General Science & Ability Notes for CSS

General Science & Ability Notes for CSS

The Solar System (CSS 2008/2009)

Our solar system consists of the sun, planets, dwarf planets (or plutoids), moons, an asteroid belt, comets, meteors, and other objects. The sun is the center of our solar system; the planets, over 61 moons, the asteroids, comets, meteoroids and other rocks and gas all orbit the Sun. Our solar system is always in motion. Eight known planets and their moons, along with comets, asteroids, and other space objects orbit the Sun. The Sun is the biggest object in our solar system. It contains more than 99% of the solar system’s mass. Astronomers think the solar system is more than 4.5 billion years old.

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CSS Notes General Science & Ability

Dark Matter and Dark Energy | General Science & Ability Notes

Dark Matter and Dark Energy

Q: Explain the terms Dark Energy and Dark Matter (CSS-2018)


 Dark Matter

In calculating the total mass-energy of the universe, astrophysicists find that baryonic matter, the type composed of atoms, accounts for only about 4 percent of the total mass-energy of the universe. The remaining 96 percent of mass is about 21 percent dark matter and 75 percent dark energy.

Dark matter has been impossible to investigate directly because it does not interact with electromagnetic radiation –visible light, infrared, etc. It has so far been identified only by its effects, especially its gravitational effects on galaxies and other large-scale entities, and also by its influence on the cosmic background radiation.

In the early universe, dark matter played a dominant role in the formation of the early galaxies. The cold gases in the universe gravitated to scattered dark matter densities. Where sufficient gas accumulated, star clusters and galaxies formed. Astronomers today maintain that each galaxy is enveloped in a halo of dark matter, and the halo applies so much force that the outside edge of a galaxy rotates about as fast as the deep interior. It is the halo of dark matter that prevents a galaxy from flying apart.

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CSS Notes General Science & Ability

What do you know about the Milky Way? | General Science & Ability Notes

General Science & Ability Notes for CSS, PCS

Q: What do you know about the Milky Way? (CSS- 1987)


Solution:

Milky Way

The Milky Way, or simply the Galaxy, is the galaxy in which the Solar System is located. It is a barred spiral galaxy that is part of the Local Group of galaxies. It is one of billions of galaxies in the observable universe The Milky Way contains at least 100 billion stars and may have up to 400 billion stars. All the objects in the Milky Way Galaxy orbit their common center of mass, called the Galactic Center

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CSS Notes General Science & Ability

What is galaxy? The Earth belongs to which galaxy? | General Science & Ability Notes

Q: What is galaxy? The Earth belongs to which galaxy? (CSS 2011)

Galaxy

A galaxy is a large scale aggregate of stars, plus some gas, dust, and possibly. Solar systems, which are held together by gravity.

Early astronomers would look into the Universe with Their telescopes and notice “milky” areas that they could not be defined as one star. Sir William Herschel, in the late 1700’s, counted stars and recorded them, developed a notion of the Galaxy. The Galaxy referred to our own Milky Way with its billions of stars, with our Sun and planets being a component. Other galaxies were found throughout the Universe. These islands of stars had different shapes and sizes. The Andromeda Galaxy is spiral, and is larger than our Milky Way Galaxy.

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Exercise General Science Quiz

General Science Exercise – 2 | CSS Times Quiz Series

Why not test your brain and try one of our quizzes below. Once completed, click the Get Results button to see how you went.

[mtouchquiz 3]

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Exercise General Science Quiz

General Science Exercise – 1 | GSA Quiz Series

Why not test your brain and try one of our quizzes below. Once completed, click the Get Results button to see how you went.

[mtouchquiz 2]

Check Also:

Biological Science MCQs | General Science and Ability MCQs

 

Modern Materials/Chemicals | General Science and Ability MCQs

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CSS Tips Source Of Inspiration

Success Story of Hamza Malik (CSP Officer) Which Motivates the CSS Aspirants

CSS Success!

In present times where a significant well off youngsters cash their precious time in self-indulgence, there is an existing underprivileged group of students who with their iron willpower are breaking all stereotypes to reach golden heights in their career.

Story of Hamza Malik CSP Officer Which Motivates the CSS Aspirants

To qualify Central superior service (CSS) exam and serve as a civil servant in Pakistan had always been a passion and ideal job for me. In Pakistan every year thousands of aspirants take this exam but unfortunately many fail. For me the journey had been tough but with the will of Allah and self-determination ultimately after 2 years of constant struggle I managed to pass this prestigious exam and got allocated in Military Lands and Cantonment Group (MLCG).

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General Science & Ability GK MCQ’s MCQs

Energy Resources MCQs (Set-III) | General Science and Ability

Identify the non-renewable energy resource from the following:
(a) Coal
(b) Fuel cells
(c) Wind power
(d) Wave power
Answers: (a)

Which of the following is a disadvantage of most of the renewable energy sources?
(a) Highly polluting
(b) High waste disposal cost
(c) Unreliable supply
(d) High running cost
Answers: (c)

Photovoltaic energy is the conversion of sunlight into:
(a) Chemical energy
(b) Biogas
(c) Electricity
(d) Geothermal energy
Answers: (a)

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General Science & Ability

Energy Resources MCQs (Set-II) | General Science and Ability

One major reason for the lack of development in oceanic energy sources is ________.
(a) The potential substantial negative impact on marine and estuarine ecosystems
(b) The lack of funding
(c) That oceanic processes are not completely understood
(d) The lack of technological advancement
(e) The lack of political support
Answer: (a)

The largest problem with adopting the new technology of renewable resources is ________.
(a) in evaluating the scientific and economic impacts
(b) that the startup costs are high
(c) that long term maintenance costs are higher than those for fossil fuels
(d) that technological advances have not been made in the last 30 years to meet our energy needs
(e) that energy production facilities are not located near consumers
Answer: (b)

Although solar-PV-generated electricity as a power source is cleaner than burning fossil fuels, the problem with this electricity is that it ________.
(a) is dangerous if stored too long
(b) cannot be stored easily in large quantities for use when and where it is needed
(c) is not sufficiently understood
(d) will be replaced shortly with other sources of power for homes
(e) is less efficient than fossil fuels
Answer: (b)

One difficulty with the process of using hydrogen as a power source is that it ________.
(a) is not properly understood
(b) is less efficient than fossil fuels
(c) requires a fuel that is a nonrenewable resource
(d) requires an energy investment to begin the process
(e) has highly volatile and dangerous components
Answer: (d)

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CSS Notes General Science & Ability MCQs

General Science and Ability MCQs Solved (Exercise-1)

General Science and Ability MCQs

(Exercise-1)

The nearest star to the planet earth is:
(a) Venus
(b) Sun
(c) Moon
(d) Alpha
Answer: b

Orion is a name of a ________.
(a) Star planet
(b) Planet
(c) Galaxy
(d) Constellation
Answer: d

The largest planet of the solar system:
(a) Mars
(b) Sun
(c) Jupiter
(d) Saturn
Answer: c